Twisted
wires reduce interference since the bending area between the wires (which
determines the magnetic connection in the signal) is reduced. In a balanced
pair operation, the two wires usually carry equal and opposite signals
(different mode) which are combined with an add-on at the end. The common mode
sound of the two wires (mainly) dissipates in this extension because the same
wire has the same level of electromagnetic interference (EMI) which is 180
degrees out of phase. . This has the same effect as removal. Several methods
also reduce the amount of electromagnetic radiation from the cable, as well as
the weakness it causes.
The
cable pair is usually unable to carry high bandwidth signals fast enough for
LAN communication. The wires also radiate as antennas, so they interfere with
other electrical devices. However, two improvements allowed the use of a simple
wire for high speed signals.
The
first development uses twisted pair cables. Both conductors are tightly twisted
(1-3 turns per inch) to connect the signals in the pair of wires. Each pair of
wires is twisted at different speeds to reduce interconnection. Hence,
"balanced transmission" is used to reduce electromagnetic emissions.
Balanced transmission works by placing equal signals but in front of each wire
in the pair. The receiving end looks at each wire and sees a sign twice as
large as the one it carries. Since each wire radiates energy, they carry the
opposite polarity signal, so both wires turn off radiation signals and reduce
interference.