Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are very important thanks to their wide range of business applications such as smart home automation, healthcare, and industrial automation. These applications use heterogeneous, multi-vendor sensor nodes. Due to the strict administrative control over specific WSN domains, communication barriers, conflicting goals, and financial interests of various WSN discovery node providers, it is difficult to introduce merged WSNs on a large scale. By allowing heterogeneous sensor nodes in WSNs to survive on a shared physical sensor substrate, virtualization on a sensor network can provide flexibility, provide cost-effective solutions, promote diversity, ensure security, and increase manageability. This document discusses the new approach to large-scale use of combined WSN resources in a sensor virtualization environment. Our focus in this paper is to present some design goals, research challenges, and opportunities in the field of sensor network virtualization, as well as illustrate the current state of research in this field. This document presents a wide range of cutting-edge projects related to sensor network virtualization.
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