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routers use Network Address Translation (NAT) to share one IP address from your
ISP between different computers in your home. When the Internet transmission
reaches the router, the router does not know to which network to send it, so it
stops the operation. In fact, NAT acts as a firewall that prevents incoming
requests from reaching your computer. Depending on your router, you may be able
to block certain types of outgoing traffic by changing the router settings.
It
is possible to redirect specific traffic to the router by setting up a port
forwarding port or by placing the computer in a DMZ (demilitarized zone) where
all incoming traffic is sent and turned off. Of course, DMZ forwards all
traffic to a particular network: the computer will no longer benefit from a
router that acts as a firewall.
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